Treatment of textile materials with aqueous liquids



Patented June 13, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOSEPH NUESSLEIN, F LUDWIGSHAFEN-ON-THE-RHINE, AND HERMANN SGHUETTE,

OF MANNHEIM, GERMANY, ASSIGNORS TO I. G. FARBENINDUSTRIE AKTIENGESELL- SCHAFT, OF FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY TREATMENT OF TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH AQUEOUS LIQUIDS No Drawing. Application filed November 26, 1930, Serial No. 498,434, and in Germany December 18, 1929.

The present invention relates to the treatment of textile materials with aqueous liquids and preparations therefor.

\Ve have found that textiles can be considerably improved, especially as regards purity and/or softness, by treating them with aqueous liquids containing water-soluble acid phosphoric esters of saturated or unsaturated simple or substituted aliphatic, i. e. open chain or cycloaliphatic, alcohols containing at least eight carbon atoms. The liquids may consist of aqueous solutions of the said phosphoric esters or the phosphoric esters may be incorporated with the agents usually employed for the said treatments as for example with soaps, .solvents, dyestuffs, oiling, sizing or dressing agents. The alcoholic components of the phosphoric, esters may be chosen from octyl, decyl, dodecyl and like alcohols or their equivalent, or homologues, substitutes obtainable for example by the destructive oxidation of high molecular hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof, or by chlorination of such hydrocarbons and subsequent treatment with alkali. The said esters may be employed equally-well in acid, neutral and alkaline liquors. They are eminently suitable, especially in the form of their water-soluble salts with inorganic or organic bases, for dressing fibrous materials of all kinds, for scouring and washing loose wool or fabrics consisting of or containing wool, if desired with the co-employment of organic solvents, as emulsifying agents for the production of emulsions or oiling and impregnating textiles, as levelling agents in dyeing processes and the like. The water-soluble salts of the acid phosphoric esters of the said higher aliphatic alcohols obtainable with organic bases, as for example with amines containing one or more hydroxy-alkyl radicles are particularly advantageous. The said preparations from phos horic esters may further contain soaps, an /or the substances which have hitherto been employed in the treatment of textiles of any kind in the place of soaps or of similar agents which fulfil the same purposes but are less sensitive to acid agents and to hard water than soap, as for example the well known true sulphonic acids of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic compounds. If wool or other animal fibres be treated in accordance with the present invention the quantity of acid phosphoric ester must be less than 10 per cent of the goods since otherwise a considerable weighting of the goods occurs. Textiles of other materials can be treated with higher quantities of the acid phosphoric esters but also in this case the quantities will generally not exceed the aforesaid limit, quantities of from 2 to 6 per cent being usually sufficient. If other improving agents be employed the quantity of acid phosphoric ester may vary from a few per cent, say from about 3 per cent, to a quantity equal to that of the other a en s, such as soaps, oils, dyestuffs and the like. If desired the said improving agents may be mixed with the acid phosphoric esters, or their salts, prior to the dispersion in water.

" The following examples will further illustrate the nature of this invention, but the invention is not restricted to these examples. The parts are by weight.

Ewample 1 5 grams of the sodium salt of the acid phosphoric ester of cetyl alcohol are dissolved in each litre of water and wool containing suint is scoured with the said bath. The goods are scoured at from 45 to 50 C. and a washed wool free from objection is obtained even after a short period of time.

Example 2 of an agent of the type of Turkey-red oil or of other sulphonation products of vegetable or animal fats or oils. Theemulsions are then brought to the desired dilution with from 2 to 35 times their weight of water and are employable forexample as oiling agents in making shodd or in spinning fibrous ma terials or in brig tening dyed fabrics.

Example 3 A skein of artificial silk from viscose is treated with 20 times its weight of an aqueous solution of about 2 grams per litre of the triethanolamine salt of the acid cetyl phosphoric ester for 10 minutes at room temperature, centrifuged and dried. The artificial silk acquires a very supple smooth and soft touch and a matte surface which latter effect may be increased by an increase of the concentration of the bath.

Example 4 Artificial silk from viscose is dyed in the usual manner with a combination of substantive dyestuffs which by reason of their bad levelling power have only a limited employment in practice, as for example 3.5 per cent by weight of the goods of oxamine brown B (Schultz, Farbstofl'tabellen, 6th edition, volume 1, 1923, No. 329) and 1.5 per cent by weight of the goods of oxamine black BR. (ibid,'4th edition, No. 303), with the addition of 20 per cent by weight of the goods of Glaubers salt and 1 gram of the triethanolamine salt of the acid cetyl phosphoric ester per litre of the bath. Very uniform and even dyeings result.

Example 5 Greasy woollen yarn is scoured in a solution of 5 grams of the mixture of monoand di-cetyl phosphoric esters in each litre of water to which 2 cubic centimetres of 80 per cent aqueous acetic acid have been added to each litre, at about from 45 to 53 C. The scouring effect thus produced is perfect when the temperature of the bath is increased to about 80 C. or still nearer to the boiling point of the solution. A considerable weighting of the yarn is obtained besides the scouring efi'ect.

Example 6 W001 in the suint is scoured at about from 45 to 50 C. in a bath consisting of a 0.5 per cent aqueoussolution of the neutral salt of triethanol amine with an, acid phosphoric ester of a chlorinated alcohol mixture obtained by chlorinating paraffin wax until it contains about 35 per cent. of chlorine and treating the chlorination product with alkali or earth alkali at superatmospheric pressure until the content of chlorine has been reduced to about 10 per cent. After .a short time efliciently scoured wool is obtained.

Example 7' Wool in the suint is scoured at about from 45 to 50 C. in a bath consisting of a 0.5 per cent aqueous solution of the sodium salt of an acid phosphoric ester prepared from unsaturated alcohols obtained from the destructive oxidation of paraflin wax with the aid of air. The result is the same as that stated in Example 6.

Example 8 Skeins of artificial silk from viscose are treated with 20 times their weight of an aqueous 0.3 per cent solution of the salt referred to in the foregoing example in the manner described in Example 3. The silk acquires a very smooth and soft touch.

Example .9

Skeins of artificial silk from viscose are mordanted with tanning and tartar emetic, dyed in the usual manner with 1 per cent of diamond green G (Schultz Farbstoiftabellen, 1923, volume 1, N o. 499) and 2 per cent of acetic acid and then worked for five minutes a at room temperature in a 0.3 per cent solution Example 10 Wool in the suint or woolen piece goods are scoured at from 45 to 50 C. with a bath consisting of a solution of 4 grams of the neutral salt of triethanol amine with an acid phosphoric ester of cetyl alcohol, 2.1 grams of hexyl alcohol and 3.8 grams of capronic sodium salt in one litre of water. A very good scouring effect is obtained.

What we claim is 1. The process for improving textile materials, which comprises acting on the said materials with an aqueous preparation comprising a water-soluble compound containing a radicle of an acid phosphoric ester of an aliphatic alcohol containing at least eight carbon atoms.

2. The process for improving textile materials, which comprises acting on the said materials with an aqueous preparation comprising a water-soluble acid phosphoric ester of an aliphatic alcohol containing at least eight carbon atoms, the quantity ofthe said phosphoric ester being less than 10 per cent of the said textile materials, at least if the latter comprise animal fibres.

3. The process for improving textile materials, which comprises acting on the said materials with an aqueous preparation comprising a water-soluble salt of an acid phosphoric ester of an ali hatic alcohol containing at least eight car n atoms.

4. Preparations suitable for improving textile materials, comprising a water-soluble acid phosphoric ester of an'aliphatic alcohol containing at least eight carbon atoms.

5. Preparations suitable for improvin textile materials, comprising a water-s uble 5 acid phosphoric ester of an aliphatic alcohol containing at least eight carbon atoms dissolved in Water.

6. Preparations suitable for improving textile materials comprising a water-soluble salt of a Water-soluble acid phosphoric ester of an aliphatic alcohol containing at least ei ht carbon atoms.

Preparations suitable for improving textile materials, comprising a water-soluble alkylol-amine salt of a water-soluble acid phosphoric ester of an aliphatic alcohol containing at least eight carbon atoms.

8. Preparations suitable for improving textile materials, comprising a water-soluble salt of a water-soluble acid phosphoric ester of an aliphatic alcohol containing from 10 to 12 carbon atoms.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands. JOSEPH NUESSLEIN.

HERMANN SCHUETTE. 

